It was on this day in 1517 that Martin Luther nailed his 95 Theses to the church doors in Wittenberg, Germany. This may sound odd to some of us – but the church’s doors in that day were like our bulletin boards. The church was centrally located so people walking on foot could stop and see what was going on. Luther wrote his 95 Theses in Latin which was the only accepted language of the church at that time. His action, nevertheless, caused a huge ruckus within the church since one of Luther’s main criticisms was the church’s practice of selling indulgences; he maintained that our salvation is by God’s Grace alone; there is no way for us to buy or merit our way to heaven. He also criticized a variety of other established church doctrines and practices as having no basis in Scripture.
Martin Luther was a Catholic priest who believed that the church had strayed from the original purposes as set forth in the New Testament. He did not intend to leave the church; he only wanted the church to clean-up its act. He was not the first to call for reform – there had been many before him but he was one of the first not to buckle under the power of the Pope or be killed immediately for his actions.
At the same time as Luther, there was another Reformer in Switzerland named Huldrych Zwingli (d. 1531). Zwingli also started out as a Catholic priest; he came, independently, to many of Luther’s conclusions.
Luther and Zwingli met in 1529 at the Marburg Colloquy to see if they could join forces. At the beginning of the conference they had 13 points of differences. By the end of the conference, they had found common ground on 11 – the two that they could not agree on dealt with the Eucharist or Communion. Luther said the bread and the wine had actual elements of Christ in them; Zwingli said, no, the supper is purely symbolic and memorial in nature. The next generation Reformer, John Calvin, led the thinking that Christ is present at Communion in spiritual form but not in the bread and wine - which how we understand Communion today.
It is amazing – I was in a meeting this past Wednesday night in which the topic of conversation boiled down to: What does the Scripture call us to be as a Church? Amazing, 490 years later we are still seeking reform from within; trying to see with new eyes and trying to understand the guidance of the Holy Spirit.
Where do you see the church moving? What are the 95 Theses on your heart? |